明治三〇年代における「修養」概念と将来の宗教の構想

This paper discusses how the category of "shuyo" (self-cultivation) with a religious character emerged from the future religion envisioned by philosopher Inoue Tetsujiro - "ethical religion" - and the criticism of reformist religious practitioners against it. In the 1890s, amid the contradictory demands of the exclusion of religion from education and the necessity of religion in ethical education, Inoue and other religious practitioners were searching for a new form of religion. Therefore, while criticizing the abstraction of ethical religion theory, religious practitioners created a more practical ethical religion, that is, "shuyo" (self-cultivation), by linking it to the ideal personality of the sages and other sages and concrete practices such as introspection and zazen. The concept of "shuyo" was used by various theorists, and as a trans-religious category that transcends the boundaries between ethics and religion, and between religions, it came to have a wide influence in prewar Japan.